OA is the progressive inflammation and wearing away of the cartilage inside of joints. Weight-bearing joints are typically most affected by this condition. Age, obesity, physical activity, genetics, past injury, occupation, and athletics are all known factors in osteoarthritis, but the cause is unknown. Usually, this condition is diagnosed by your doctor; you are then referred to physical therapy for treatment. Your treatment plan can include everything from range-of-motion and strength exercises to braces and manual therapy. Sometimes, surgical intervention is recommended in addition to physical therapy.

Osteoporosis is a disease characterized by low bone density, meaning the bones become weak, brittle, and porous, leading to chronic pain. Women are at higher risk of developing this disease. It is usually diagnosed through a special x-ray. Physical therapy treatment plans are designed to build bone density, improve balance, improve posture, and prevent further bone loss. Sometimes, those at risk for osteoporosis begin physical therapy before contracting the disease, as a preventative measure.

Fibromyalgia is a chronic condition that is notoriously difficult to diagnose. According to the American Physical Therapy Association, nearly 5 million people in the United States are affected, and 80-90% are women. Symptoms include chronic fatigue, pain, depression, anxiety, stiffness, tender points, numbness, memory problems, and difficulty sleeping. Stress can exacerbate these symptoms. There is no cure for fibromyalgia, but physical therapy can help you understand your condition, manage your symptoms, and improve your quality of life.